A discussion of whether, in assessing the appropriateness of discipline or discharge, arbitrators should take into account “distractions” (such as the employee’s marital, family, financial or legal problems) that cause…

A statistical analysis of over 2,000 discipline and discharge arbitration decisions and the rationale given in those cases in which the discharge penalty was mitigated. Concepts such as the quantum…

A survey of Academy members, concerning the circumstances under which they will mitigate discipline based upon the denial of due process.

An examination of fault and no-fault attendance policies; “excessive” absenteeism; the use of progressive discipline for absenteeism; disparate treatment; and factors in determining just cause….