An examination of pre-disciplinary due process, due process in the arbitration hearing, and court rulings in cases where the arbitrators’ decisions were based upon due process alone, and did not…

A survey of Academy members, concerning the circumstances under which they will mitigate discipline based upon the denial of due process.

An assessment of the relevance of the procedural due process criteria of Arbitrator Carroll Daugherty’s seven tests for just cause, and the “harmful error” standard of the Federal Civil Service…

The author describes common mistakes made in the employer’s investigation of a complaint and in the use of its results….