Professor Bairstow asks “Can management seek out highly qualified professionals willing to involve themselves in the maintenance of high standards, encourage them to solve problems on their own, and then turn around in a distinct role change and hand down dicta from on high?” Increasingly, arbitrators will be called upon to decide upon grievances that arise from the essence of professionalism: from the conscience, correct or incorrect, of the highly trained, educated employees who have a strong sense of what they regard as high-quality performance. The difficulties faced by the arbitrator are compounded because so many of these matters are couched in language which obscures the real issues. Professor Bairstow predicts that these forces will result in a reduction of managerial authority in the public sector.