A review of the development of collective bargaining and arbitration under the Postal Reorganization Act of 1970, between the Post Office Department and its major unions, and the efforts to develop expedited and other procedures to handle an increasing backlog of cases. Problems with the lack of sufficient numbers of experienced arbitrators, the scheduling and rescheduling of cases, and excessive delay in issuing awards is discussed. The increase in the number of appeals and the parties’ avoidance of decisions at lower steps of the grievance procedure are reviewed as liabilities offsetting the benefits of expedited arbitration.