Constraint and variety in arbitration systems
January 1, 1964
An essay on the differences in concepts of arbitration, how they originated, and the apparent uniformities in the evolution of arbitration systems. The authors discuss the two types of permanent arbitration systems extant prior to 1940 – the Impartial Chairman System and the umpire system, – and the development of arbitration systems after 1940. Also discussed is the development and adaptation of the system to industrial relations.