The classic discussion of past practice. When does a customary way of doing things become a binding contractual obligation and when may it be changed? Several answers to those questions…

Authors Mittenthal and Bloch examine how arbitrators, in performing their interpretive function, find implied obligations that are nowhere mentioned in the contract. Arbitrators embrace those implications that help to preserve…

Arbitrator Mittenthal examines alternative means of addressing the remedy when delay of the arbitration results in reinstatement after months of unemployment.

Arbitrator Mittenthal describes steps he often takes to assure an efficient hearing but thorough hearing: a prehearing request for the cba and written grievance file, in order to be better…